{"id":8441,"date":"2023-09-07T22:36:52","date_gmt":"2023-09-07T22:36:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/?p=8441"},"modified":"2023-09-20T11:41:55","modified_gmt":"2023-09-20T11:41:55","slug":"the-issue-of-identity-in-the-gulf-states-between-current-politics-and-common-components","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/archives\/8441","title":{"rendered":"The issue of identity in the Gulf states &#034;between the current policy and common elements&#034;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c (<\/strong><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u00a0 .<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"116\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"404\"><strong>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u00a0 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"116\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"404\"><strong>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 . <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Source <\/strong>:Olivier DaLage,<strong><em>L\u2019\u00e9mergence d\u2019une identit\u00e9 khalijienne-1971-2004<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u00a0 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u00a0\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a .<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u060c <strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/strong>\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636:\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c1987).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u060c <strong>\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629: \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u062901\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c1996).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a <\/strong>\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u06292\u060c( \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a:\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u06482009).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 3\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u06442000).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c <strong>\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong>\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u06291\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a:\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u06482011).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u060c &#8221; <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627<\/strong>&#8220;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f15\u060c (\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 2016).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u060c <strong>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627&#8221;<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f9\u060c ( \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u060c <strong>&#8220;<\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631&#8221;<\/strong>\u060c \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f212\u060c (\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 2014).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u060c <strong>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646&#8221;<\/strong>\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f9\u060c (\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2014).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0 \u062e\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c (\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0642\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646: \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c2013-2014 ).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Alexander Wendt ,<strong><em>Social Theory of International Politics<\/em><\/strong>,( New York: Cambridge University Press , 2003).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Gianluca P. Parolin, <strong><em>Citizenship in the Arab World Kin, Religion and Nation-State<\/em><\/strong>(AMSTERDAM: AMSTERDAM UNIVERSITY PRESS IMISCOE Research, 2009).<\/p>\n<p>-KRISTIAN COATES ULRICHSEN, <strong><em>Insecure Gulf The End of Certainty and the Transition to the Post-Oil Era<\/em><\/strong>, )United States of America: Oxford University Press(.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>-Luke Stanley, <strong><em>Supra-national identity<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>:<\/em><\/strong><strong><em> the solution to the European Union\u2019s Crisis of legitimacy\u00a0?<\/em><\/strong> (London: The Bruges Group, February 2013).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>-Moshe Gammer,<strong><em>Community,Identity and the state comparing Africa,Eurasia, Latin America and the middle East<\/em><\/strong>( NEW York: routledg group, 2004).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Neil Partrick\u00a0, <strong><em>Nationalism in the Gulf States<\/em><\/strong>,) Kuwait: Programme on Development,\u00a0 Governance and Globalisation in the Gulf States,the center for the study of global governanace,October 2009(.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; UROS PINTERIC, <strong><em>National and Bupranational Identity in context of the European integration and globalization<\/em><\/strong> ,( SLOVENIA: University of Ljubljana,2003).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ali M. Al-Khouri, <strong><em>The Challenge of Identity in a Changing World: The Case of GCC Countries<\/em><\/strong>, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS: THE 21ST-CENTURY GULF: THE CHALLENGE OF IDENTITY, U.K:\u00a0 UNIVERSITY OF EXETER,( 30 JUNE &#8211; 3 JULY 2010).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>-Gaith Abdulla, <strong><em>Khaleeji Identity in Contemporary Gulf Politics, Gulf Affairs<\/em><\/strong>, University of Oxford :Oxford Gulf &amp; Arabian Peninsula Studies Forum (Autumn 2016).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Magdalena Karolak, <strong><em>Identity and Culture in the 21st Century Gulf, Gulf Affairs<\/em><\/strong>, University of Oxford :Oxford Gulf &amp; Arabian Peninsula Studies Forum, (Autumn 2016).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>-Scott J. Weiner, <strong>Kinship Politics in the Gulf Arab States<\/strong>,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 )Washington:Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington, July 22, 2016(.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> &#8211; \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c <strong>&#8220;<\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631&#8221;<\/strong>\u060c \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f212\u060c (\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 2014)\u060c \u06353.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0 \u062e\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c (\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0642\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646: \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c2013-2014 )\u060c \u0635151.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> -Scott J. Weiner, <strong>Kinship Politics in the Gulf Arab States<\/strong>,) Washington:Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington, July 22, 2016(,P.04.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> -\u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u060c <strong>\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629: \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u062901\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c1996)\u060c \u063519.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a>-\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c <strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/strong>\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636:\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c1987 )\u060c \u063511.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> &#8211;Moshe Gammer,<strong><em>Community,Identity and the state comparing Africa,Eurasia, Latin America and the middle East<\/em><\/strong>( NEW York: routledg group, 2004),p.160.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> &#8211; Gianluca P. Parolin, <strong><em>Citizenship in the Arab World Kin, Religion and Nation-State<\/em><\/strong>(AMSTERDAM UNIVERSITY PRESS :IMISCOE Research, 2009),p.90.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> &#8211; Neil Partrick\u00a0, <strong><em>Nationalism in the Gulf States<\/em><\/strong>,) Kuwait: Programme on Development,\u00a0 Governance and Globalisation in the Gulf States,the center for the study of global governanace,October 2009(,p.03.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> &#8211; \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u060c &#8221; <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627<\/strong>&#8220;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f15\u060c (\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 2016)\u060c \u063552.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> -Maryam Al-Kuwari, <strong><em>Tribal Revival in the Gulf<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>:<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>A Trojan Horse or aThreat to National Identities<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>?<\/em><\/strong>, <em>LSE<\/em>MiddleEast Centre<em> ,13 June 2018, <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.lse.ac.uk\/mec\/2018\/08\/31\/tribal-revival-in-the-gulf-a-trojan-horse-or-a-threat-to-national-identities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>http:\/\/blogs.lse.ac.uk\/mec\/2018\/08\/31\/tribal-revival-in-the-gulf-a-trojan-horse-or-a-threat-to-national-identities<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> &#8211; Steffen Hertog\u00a0, <strong><em>The political Decline and social Rise of Tribal Identity in the GCC<\/em><\/strong>, middle east center blog,the London school of Economics and Political Science, 25\/07\/2018:<a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.lse.ac.uk\/mec\/2018\/07\/25\/the-political-decline-and-social-rise-of-tribal-identity-in-the-gcc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/blogs.lse.ac.uk\/mec\/2018\/07\/25\/the-political-decline-and-social-rise-of-tribal-identity-in-the-gcc\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> -Kristian Coates Ulrichsen, <strong><em>Insecure Gulf The End of Certainty and the Transition to the Post-Oil Era<\/em><\/strong>, )United States of America: Oxford University Press( ,P. 34.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> &#8211; Magdalena Karolak, <strong><em>Identity and Culture in the 21st Century Gulf, Gulf Affairs<\/em><\/strong>, University of Oxford :Oxford Gulf &amp; Arabian Peninsula Studies Forum, (Autumn 2016).p. Vi.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> &#8211; Ali M. Al-Khouri, <strong><em>The Challenge of Identity in a Changing World: The Case of GCC Countries<\/em><\/strong>, Conference Proceedings: THE 21ST-Century Gulf: The challenge of identity, U.K:\u00a0 University OF Exeter,( 30 JUNE &#8211; 3 JULY 2010), P.04.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a>&#8211; Alexander Wendt, <strong><em>Social Theory of International Politics<\/em><\/strong>,( New York: Cambridge University Press , 2003),P.337.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> -Gaith Abdulla, <strong><em>Khaleeji Identity in Contemporary Gulf Politics, Gulf Affairs<\/em><\/strong>, University of Oxford :Oxford Gulf &amp; Arabian Peninsula Studies Forum (Autumn 2016),P.03.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a> -Neil Patrich, ibid<strong><em>.<\/em><\/strong>,p.16.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> &#8211; UROS PINTERIC, <strong><em>National and Bupranational Identity in context of the European integration and globalization<\/em><\/strong> ,( SLOVENIA: University of Ljubljana,2003),p. 404.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> &#8211; \u062c\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c &#8220;<strong>\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>&#8220;<\/strong>\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627&#8221;2016\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rand.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.rand.org<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> &#8211; Laurence Lou\u00ebr, <strong><em>les monarchies du golfe face au printemps arabe<\/em><\/strong>, Septembre 2011, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ceri-sciences-po.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.ceri-sciences-po.org<\/a><u> .<\/u><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> -Olivier DaLage,L\u2019\u00e9mergence d\u2019une identit\u00e9 khalijienne-(1971-2004), 2005\u00a0,<a href=\"http:\/\/mapage.noos.fr\/odalage\/autres\/identite.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/mapage.noos.fr\/odalage\/autres\/identite.html<\/a> .<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> -Luke Stanley, <strong><em>Supra-national identity<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>:<\/em><\/strong><strong><em> the solution to the European Union\u2019s Crisis of legitimacy\u00a0?<\/em><\/strong> (London: The Bruges Group, February 2013),p. 08.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> &#8211; Ibid., p10.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[24] &#8211; Uros Pinteric ,Ibid., p.406.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a>-EUROPEAN COMMISSION, <strong><em>the development of european identity identities: unfinished business<\/em><\/strong>,2012, \u00a0<u>http:<\/u> <u>\/\/<\/u><u>www.<\/u><u>ec.europa.eu.<\/u><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a> &#8211; M\u00e1t\u00e9 Szalai, <strong><em>The Alliance dilemma of the Gulf States after the Obama presidency<\/em><\/strong>,Corvinus Journal of international Affairs,2017, <a href=\"http:\/\/unipub.lib.uni\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/unipub.lib.uni<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> &#8211; \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c &#8220;\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c 11 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2014\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2014\/09\/11\/ar-pub-56584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2014\/09\/11\/ar-pub-56584<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\">[28]<\/a> &#8211; Jane Kinninmont, <strong><em>one year on gulf split is here to stay,House the royal institute of international Affairs<\/em><\/strong>,5 june2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/chathamhouse.org\/expert\/comment\/one-year-gulf-split-here-stay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/chathamhouse.org\/expert\/comment\/one-year-gulf-split-here-stay<\/a><u>.<\/u><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\">[29]<\/a> &#8211; \u062c\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063546.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\">[30]<\/a> &#8211; \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a <\/strong>\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u06292\u060c( \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a:\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u06482009)\u060c\u063572.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref31\" name=\"_ftn31\">[31]<\/a> &#8211; \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c <strong>\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong>\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u06291\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a:\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u06482011)\u060c \u0635294.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref32\" name=\"_ftn32\">[32]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c <strong>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627&#8221;<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f9\u060c ( \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017)\u060c \u063558.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref33\" name=\"_ftn33\">[33]<\/a> &#8211; \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642\u060c <strong>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646&#8221;<\/strong>\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f9\u060c (\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2014)\u060c \u063580.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref34\" name=\"_ftn34\">[34]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 3\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u06442000)\u060c \u0635298.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref35\" name=\"_ftn35\">[35]<\/a> &#8211; Neil Partrick ,ibid<strong><em>.<\/em><\/strong>,p.24.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c (\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629). &nbsp; \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 : \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8442,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":[],"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[129],"class_list":{"0":"post-8441","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-mkalat","8":"tag-129"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8441","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8441"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8441\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8443,"href":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8441\/revisions\/8443"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8442"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/torouscenter.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}